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Chamber and committees

Official Report: search what was said in Parliament

The Official Report is a written record of public meetings of the Parliament and committees.  

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Dates of parliamentary sessions
  1. Session 1: 12 May 1999 to 31 March 2003
  2. Session 2: 7 May 2003 to 2 April 2007
  3. Session 3: 9 May 2007 to 22 March 2011
  4. Session 4: 11 May 2011 to 23 March 2016
  5. Session 5: 12 May 2016 to 5 May 2021
  6. Current session: 12 May 2021 to 12 July 2025
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Displaying 5898 contributions

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Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Subordinate Legislation

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

Is the committee content to delegate authority to me to sign off our report on our deliberations on the regulations?

Members indicated agreement.

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

I should declare an interest as a former farmer.

Twenty-five years ago, there were schemes to help farmers to fence off watercourses, increase field margins, fence off wet areas, rebuild dykes and stop cutting grass until later in the season. Methods of cutting grass, such as starting in the middle of the field rather than starting at the outside and working your way in, were introduced. Why have those interventions not caused a halt or slowdown in the decline in biodiversity? Why is there still a rapid and concerning decline?

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

Jim Fairlie has questions. He will be followed by Rachael Hamilton.

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

We will get over this section, which is all about the devastating loss, to consider some of the important solutions.

Just before we move on, I would note the pressures on land and land price. The CAP has driven farmers to try and get as much as possible out of the land that they own. Given the cost of land, many farmers are trying to improve the land that they have. As a result, in many areas, and particularly Dumfries and Galloway, hedgerows are being pulled out, knowes are being taken off and fields are being flattened at a rate that we have never seen before. I am not blaming farmers; they have to maximise their output from the land that they have. However, who is responsible for ensuring that there is compliance: the planning department, the Scottish Environment Protection Agency or NatureScot?

No one appears to take any responsibility for compliance when there are questions about whether rocky knowes that have been categorised as unimproved would require an environmental impact assessment before they are removed, or whether fields that have not been ploughed for decades or more should revert to being classed as unimproved. There should be regulations in place that prevent that type of land clearance from happening. Who is responsible, and what is NatureScot doing to make sure that, right this minute, a bulldozer is not in a field destroying a habitat forever?

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

There is a question on data collection to be asked.

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

You touched on cattle. NatureScot recently came under a lot of criticism for removing cattle from a farm in Galloway, and it would be interesting to find out what the biodiversity count is now on that hill on the Cairnsmore of Fleet.

My question concerns the tier system and baselining. We want improvements in biodiversity. Farmers should, in some way, be rewarded for such improvements. How do we baseline where we start from? Some farmers will have planted hedgerows and sacrificed some productive land to improve biodiversity. Other farms will be biodiversity deserts. Should we give more money to the latter farms to reverse the deserts and allow the farmers who have done the right thing for 20, 30 or 40 years just to continue? That might have an implication for capping. A big, productive farm might get high payments because of its output, but it might require a big level of input to reverse or address biodiversity loss.

How do you view capping? How do we baseline farms that have done the right thing for generations and those that have been less kind to biodiversity?

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

We have touched on whole-farm plans, and we know that NatureScot is involved in developing a natural capital assessment template. There were high hopes that that would be delivered and that it would give us an indication on baselines, which goes back to my previous question. How is the assessment template progressing? Are you still as confident that it will be a useful tool for whole-farm planning?

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

I am mixing up my J Ms and J Fs. My apologies.

When it comes to soil, there is one area of contention at the moment. It has an implication for NatureScot. Improving soil is important, and one of the ways in which we can do that is by decreasing the input of nitrogen fertilisers and reducing the use of pesticides. However, to maintain our output, we have to improve how crops fix nitrogen or are able to uptake and use more effectively the nutrients that are in the soil, because, if we do not, there will be a drop-off in yield. What is your view on the use of the genetic modification of potatoes, cereals or grass to ensure that the crop can uptake the available nutrients in the soil far more effectively than currently? Should that be in the mix?

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

Rachael Hamilton has a brief supplementary question.

11:45  

Rural Affairs and Islands Committee

Future Agriculture Policy

Meeting date: 15 March 2023

Finlay Carson

The likes of the James Hutton Institute would suggest that there are huge advances in technology that we could apply to crops to reduce their impact on the natural environment.